Tutorials

First Session (8:30am-10:10am)

TS1

Introduction to Aerosols


Abstract: An aerosol comprises a gas that contains solid and/or liquid particles that are usually distributed over a range of particle sizes, compositions, and, for solids, morphologies. Coarse aerosol particles arise from mechanical processes, while fine ones often grow from vapor phase precursors, and, in many systems nucleate directly from the vapor phase. The dynamics of the aerosol depends upon inertial and diffusive motions of particles in the gas, and mass transport of vapors to or from the particles. Their impacts on human health, climate, and technology depend upon the same physical mechanisms. This tutorial will introduce the basic concepts, terminology, and physics of aerosols, with an emphasis on understanding the properties, dynamics, and physical characterization methods that underlie aerosol science. The particle size distribution, and ways to represent it will be introduced. Drag forces and their effects on inertial motion and migration of individual particles will be examined, as will particle diffusion, mass and heat transport to aerosol particles from the vapor phase, and the nucleation. Building on these fundamentals, we will examine the collective behavior of aerosols through the so-called general dynamic equation for aerosols, which accounts for the effects of condensation, coagulation, and other processes on the particle size distribution. Examples from atmospheric aerosols, filtration, and measurement methods will be used to illustrate the models are employed to understand and probe aerosol systems.

Richard C. Flagan


Bio: Richard C. Flagan is the Irma and Ross McCollum/William H. Corcoran Professor of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science and Engineering at the California Institute of Technology.  He has served as President of the AAAR and Editor-in-Chief of Aerosol Science and Technology.  His research spans the field of aerosol science, including atmospheric aerosols, aerosol instrumentation, aerosol synthesis of nanoparticulate materials, and bioaerosols.  His many contributions to the field of aerosol science have been acknowledged with the Smoluchowski Award, the Sinclair Award, and the Fuchs Award.  He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering.

 

TS2

Aerosol Optics: Fundamentals and Instrumentation


Abstract: Aerosol optics is fundamental for understanding the effects of atmospheric aerosols on radiative forcing and climate change, on optical remote sensing and visibility, and for developing optical instruments to characterize physical, chemical, and biological aerosol properties. This tutorial first discusses the motivation for studying aerosol optics, building a framework for the applications mentioned above. We will discuss a simple intuitive interpretation of light scattering based on a novel Q-space analysis. This analysis uncovers useful properties and functionalities in the angular phase function of the scattered light that have not been described before; it also lends significant physical intuition for the scattering process. A unified description of scattering by all particle types, including spheres, irregular shaped particles like dusts, snow crystals, and fractal aggregates is obtained. With this perspective, aerosol optics, covering aerosol scattering, absorption, and extinction as function of aerosol size, refractive index, and morphology will be described. This will be followed by examples of how this perspective can be used to develop optical instruments to measure aerosol properties. Examples include (1) the multi-angle device at KSU to include small angles necessary for Q-space analysis of large particles and (2) the measurement of aerosol scattering, absorption, and extinction coefficients with nephelometers, photoacoustic, and cavity ring-down instruments, respectively.

Hans Moosmüller


Bio: Hans Moosmüller is a Research Professor, Regents’ Researcher, and the Senior Director of the Wildland Fire Science Center at the Desert Research Institute, the environmental research arm of the Nevada System of Higher Education. Recent awards include the Benjamin Liu Award of the AAAR, the Nevada Regents’ Researcher Award, and the Ansari Medal for Excellence in Science. His research has focused on aerosol optics and laser spectroscopy for more than 35 years.

Chris Sorensen


Bio: Chris Sorensen is the Cortelyou-Rust University Distinguished Professor at Kansas State University in the department of physics where he enjoys both teaching and research. He is a Fellow of the AAAR, a Sinclair awardee and past president. In 2007 he was named the Carnegie/CASE National Professor of the Year for doctoral universities. He has studied light scattering in a great variety of ways for over 40 years.

 

TS3

Low cost sensors: The “How” of Performance Evaluation, Network Design, and Data Handling”


Abstract: As aerosol scientist, in one way or another we have heard hallway talk about emerging low-cost PM sensors. Do these sensors work and how accurate are they? Do they perform over time? How is the data from these sensors used? Can actionable data be collected and used to inform decision making? The deployment of sensors across regions not previously measured promises to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of the current PM monitoring networks using traditional measurement methods. Large companies are interested in capturing and visualizing data from low-cost sensors on real-time maps just as many weather applications currently provide neighborhood level weather information. This influx in data can improve upon PM models and predictions for air quality districts. But then, what about the performance of the sensors and quality of the data?

The goal of this tutorial is to provide clarity about the performance of currently available low-cost PM sensors and how to conduct a successful low-cost sensing project, as part of the activities within the Air Quality Sensor Performance Evaluation Center (AQ-SPEC) at the South Coast AQMD. We will provide perspectives gained from four years of sensor performance testing in the field under ambient conditions and deployment of several air quality sensor networks. We will lead an in-depth discussion on the laboratory methods for generating and testing PM environments in an environmental chamber. This tutorial will also provide insights on sensor network design, development and implementation at the community level and participants will be presented with data handling techniques – from raw sensor to online data dashboards – in two SCAQMD sensor network projects.

Vasileios Papapostolou


Bio: Dr. Vasileios Papapostolou is an Air Quality Specialist for Science & Technology Advancement at the South Coast Air Quality Management District.

He leads the systematic evaluation of the performance of air quality sensors measuring criteria pollutants and air toxics. He designs, develops and implements complex laboratory and field experimentation methods requiring state-of-the-art sampling and analysis techniques, conducts sensor data analysis and theoretical evaluations of the experimental results. Dr. Papapostolou is the SCAQMD project coordinator in the U.S. EPA Science To Achieve Results (STAR) grant to engage, educate, and empower California communities on the use and applications of low-cost air monitoring sensors and is involved in the design of air quality sensor networks.

Prior to joining the SCAQMD, he was a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health where he designed and led air pollution health effects studies. Dr. Papapostolou received his B.Sc. in Chemical Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens (Greece), his M.Sc. and Doctor of Science in Environmental Health degrees from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Brandon Feenstrau


Bio: Mr. Brandon Feenstra is an Air Quality Specialist for Science & Technology Advancement at the South Coast Air Quality Management District.

Brandon is responsible for the field deployment aspect of the AQ-SPEC evaluations and for designing deployable sensor solutions that can be incorporated into SCAQMD’s ambient air monitoring network. He is responsible for developing and implementing the SCAQMD cloud-based platform required to ingest, store, analyze, and visualize data that is collected from sensor projects including the U.S. EPA STAR grant.

Mr. Feenstra received his B.Sc in Chemistry, his Master of Public Administration, and his M.Sc. in Earth & Environmental Sciences degrees from the California State University in San Bernardino. He is also 3rd year PhD student in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering at the University of California, Riverside.

 

TS4

Estimating the Air Pollution Inhaled Dose Based on Heart Rate, Breathing Rate, and other Easily-measured Physiologic Parameters


Abstract: Exposure misclassification is a persistent problem when researching air pollution health effects and may obscure the true association between exposure and health outcome. This can occur either because of inaccuracy in the assessment of pollutant concentration or because of the large natural variation in the volume of air that persons inhale. This tutorial will focus on the latter: we will discuss factors that affect an individual’s inhaled dose of air pollutants, namely changes in the volumetric flow rate (referred to as minute ventilation). At baseline, these factors include height, age, sex, and race. As a result of physical activity, both the number of breaths drawn per minute and the volume of an individual breath increase. Although measurement of minute ventilation in field settings is not practical, there are numerous proposed methods for predicting ventilation based on parameters that are more easily measured, including heart rate and breath frequency. We will discuss these methods in detail and examine their validity using independent data. In addition we will discuss changes in ventilation that occur in response to noise, stress or anxiety as opposed to physical activity.

Roby Greenwald


Bio: Roby Greenwald is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Environmental Health at the Georgia State University School of Public Health. He has a bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering from Clemson University and a PhD in Environmental Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Pediatric Pulmonology at the Emory University School of Medicine and served on the research faculty at Emory for an additional six years. He has been a faculty member at Georgia State University since 2014, and his research interests include air pollution exposure assessment in difficult-to-measure situations or populations such as physically-active persons whose ventilation rate may be highly variable.

 

Second Session (10:30am-12:10pm)

TS5

Emerging and Future aerosol routes to Materials: An Industry Perspective


Abstract: Aerosol routes to materials have a long history. These routes have been implemented at megaton levels to produce carbon black, titania, fumed silica and other materials largely through flame approaches. Through years of advances these routes are now sufficiently well understood to enable controlled production of a range of submicron sizes, shapes and compositions. More recently, several classes of new materials and new trends have emerged that connect to aerosol routes to materials. For example, the discovery of new forms of carbons like graphenes and other layered materials has driven development of innovative aerosol routes to these and other materials. Similarly, awareness of the importance of carbon emissions is driving interest in sustainable, green, low-carbon-emission processes, like the conversion of methane to hydrogen and carbons without flames. This course encourages us to expand our thinking on the scope of aerosol materials to consider not only nano-material production by gas-to-particle conversion, but also coating surfaces by particle deposition, coating larger particles, exfoliating materials in the gas phase, producing new forms of materials like carbon fiber mats, and so on. These and other examples all have aerosol aspects that are not always apparent. This course aims to identify and classify the existing, new, emerging, and exploratory aerosol routes, put the routes into context with respect to scale, type, and application and identify key challenges with respect to aerosol aspects. We will specifically call out where advances in aerosol reaction engineering can enable or add value.

Toivo Kodas


Bio: Toivo Kodas is a Technical Fellow and New Business Development leader at Cabot Corporation. He was previously a Professor of Chemical Engineering working on aerosol routes to materials at the University of New Mexico. He is the coauthor of Aerosol Processing of Materials focusing on an industrial perspective for this topic. Toivo is also co-founder of Nanochem Research and Superior Micropowders, companies that exploited aerosol routes to materials and are now part of Cabot and SICPA. Toivo has a PhD from UCLA in Chemical Engineering.

 

TS6

Method advances from CLOUD - aerosol measurement in very low nanometer regime


Abstract: New particle formation is the dominant source of atmospheric aerosol in terms of number concentration. Model calculations indicate that particles formed by new particle formation can globally impact cloud properties and may play a significant role in cloud-climate interactions. New particle formation is a highly complex physico-chemical mechanism that involves nucleation, coagulation, condensation and evaporation. Mechanistic understanding of these combined processes requires well-defined settings in a well-controlled measurement chamber. The cosmics leaving outdoor droplets (CLOUD) experiment is a collaborative effort from ~20 European and US research institutes aiming at the characterization of new particle formation at process level. The CLOUD project is a classic example how multidisciplinary and goal oriented team work inspires the development of new measurement and analysis techniques. In this course we will present method advances for the chemical and physical characterization of aerosol particles in the low nanometer regime that emerged from the CLOUD experiment.

Urs Baltensperger


Bio: Urs Baltensperger is head of the Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry and Professor at ETH Zurich. He is advisor of 19 ongoing PhD theses. He obtained his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1985 and spent one year (1989-1990) as a Visiting Associate at the California Institute of Technology. He is interested in all processes related to the formation, transformation and sinks of atmospheric aerosols. He is a member of the steering committee of CLOUD. He published > 400 peer-reviewed publications which received > 24000 citations and has an h-index of 77. He has been a highly cited scientist 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, and obtained a number of awards (including the Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, the Vilhelm Bjerknes Award of the European Geosciences Union, the Fuchs Memorial Award of the International Aerosol Research Assembly, and the Spiers Memorial Award of the Royal Chemical Society).

Paul M. Winkler


Bio: Paul M. Winkler, Assistant Professor at the University of Vienna, is a member of the Faculty of Physics and currently holds a tenure track position at the research group Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics. Following a master degree in meteorology he has received his doctoral degree in experimental physics from the University of Vienna in 2004. From 2009 to 2012 Dr. Winkler spent three years as postdoctoral fellow at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, CO, in the ultra-fine aerosol (UA) group of the Atmospheric Chemistry Division. He has been awarded an ERC consolidator grant in 2013 which is dedicated to the quantitative characterization of nanoparticle dynamics at high time resolution. Dr. Winkler’s research interests in the first place comprise nucleation and new particle formation studies in both laboratory and ambient settings. This includes collaboration with the CLOUD project where he acts as team leader for the University of Vienna.

 

TS7

Techniques and Instrumentation for Bioaerosol Investigation: Molecular Biology and Real-Time Fluorescence-based Analyses


Abstract: This tutorial will cover two specific modern techniques for bioaerosol analysis and will be team-taught in two sections. The tutorial is designed as an overview of these two important techniques, pitched primarily at relative beginners to each area.

The first half of the tutorial will be taught by Dr. Peccia and will cover molecular biology concepts and tools that are relevant for the analyses of airborne biological material. The course begins with a targeted introduction to genetics, phylogenetics, and bioinformatics for aerosol scientists that have a limited background in biology. Next, molecular biology-based methods that are useful for the quantification, identification, and community characterization of bacteria, fungi, and viruses will be presented along with applications to human health, indoor air, and the atmosphere. These methods include polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR, and next generation DNA sequencing to produce phylogenetic libraries. The course will conclude with an overview of sampling strategies that can be integrated with molecular biology-based analyses, and information on the quantitativeness of the above methods.

The second half of the tutorial will be taught by Dr. Huffman and will cover laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) methods for real-time bioaerosol detection. Over the last decade, a number of instruments designed for the rapid detection of bioaerosols using LIF have become commercially available and are becoming increasingly commonly applied for to both indoor and outdoor aerosol research. It is thus important for users of these technologies to understand best practices for instrument application, including limitations. This half of the tutorial will begin with an overview of LIF physical detection principles and will discuss how differences in excitation/emission wavelengths between instruments and thresholding decisions can be important to the detection process and for a detailed understanding of results. The discussion will provide an overview of LIF instruments, with focus on widespread commercial application. The tutorial will also provide an overview of commonly observed interferences and will conclude with a discussion of emerging analysis strategies including clustering methods for improved separation between particle types.

Jordan Peccia


Bio: Jordan Peccia is the Thomas E. Golden Jr. Professor of environmental engineering and the director of environmental engineering undergraduate studies at Yale University. His research group integrates molecular biotechnology with process engineering to address environmental problems. Dr. Peccia has over 20 years of experience in applying molecular biology to assess the diversity of, and the exposure to airborne bacteria, fungi and viruses in the atmosphere and in indoor environments. Peccia is a member of the AAAR board of directors and associate editor for the journal Indoor Air. He earned his PhD in environmental engineering from the University of Colorado.

Alex Huffman


Bio: J. Alex Huffman is an Associate Professor of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry at the University of Denver after having earned his Ph.D. in Analytical/Atmospheric Chemistry from the University of Colorado. His research group focuses on the development and application of new scientific approaches to detecting bioaerosols in the atmosphere, with focus on use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques. Dr. Huffman has more than 15 years of experience with atmospheric aerosol science and has published more than 30 papers involving LIF of bioaerosols. Dr. Huffman has been involved with AAAR since 2005, has served on several committees, and was the bioaerosol special session and working group chair from 2013-2015. He is a co-editor for the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.

 

TS8

Oxidation Flow Reactors: Principles and Best Practices for Applications in Aerosol Research


Abstract: Oxidation is a fundamental atmospheric process, in which emissions of mostly reduced species are transformed into more oxygenated ones, sometimes increasing aerosol mass and/or number in the process. Oxidation can be studied using different types of reactors, of which large environmental chambers have been the dominant one until recently. Oxidation flow reactors (OFR) have seen greatly increased use in the last decade, especially within the aerosol field, and have recently been commercialized. The Potential Aerosol Mass (PAM) reactor is one popular type, but several other custom reactor designs are in use and/or under development. In this tutorial I will review common reactor designs, with special focus on OFRs that generate OH from low-pressure mercury lamps. The radical chemistry will be described, and best practices of OFR operation to avoid non-atmospherically-relevant results will be reviewed. The current options for performing low-NO vs. high-NO oxidation of VOCs will be reviewed. Techniques for quantification of OFR results, as well as some knowledge gaps and ideas for future research will be summarized. Background information on OFRs can be found at https://sites.google.com/site/pamwiki/

Jose-Luis Jimenez


Bios: Jose-Luis Jimenez is a Professor of Chemistry and Fellow of CIRES at the University of Colorado-Boulder. Dr. Jimenez received his PhD in 1999 from MIT, and was a postdoc at Aerodyne and Caltech. He was one of the co-developers of the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). He is an author of over 350 publications, a Fellow of the AAAR and AGU, and an ISI Highly Cited Scientist. His group has performed extensive experimental and modeling research on OFRs, in particular pioneering OFR application to the oxidation of ambient air and aircraft studies, and the detailed simulation of radical chemistry. For more information see http://cires1.colorado.edu/jimenez/

 

Third Session (1:30pm-3:10pm)

TS9

Hands-On Aerosol Instrumentation Design and Measurement — Group A


Abstract: This tutorial will enable participants to get an "under the hood" look at a broad spectrum of currently available aerosol instruments. Whether you are an experimentalist, modeler, or both, this is an opportunity to learn how fundamental aerosol scientific principles are used in actual aerosol measurement technologies. Key capabilities, as well as limitations, of each technique will be described in order to instill a better appreciation of what different instruments can and cannot, do. As part of this session, six aerosol instrumentation suppliers will present the design, concepts, and engineering choices that led to the successful development of different aerosol instrumentation. The tutorial is not a marketing and sales opportunity for participating vendors; this is an education session with an emphasis entirely on technology and the key physical concepts employed by the instrumentation. A primary goal is that by the end of the tutorial participants no longer consider instrumentation a "black box" but rather have some understanding of the principles and design consideration that went into the development of the various instruments. A secondary goal is that participants will use the information presented on measurement uncertainties and limitations to better avoid over-interpreting measurement results.

Company Name and instrument


1) Magee Scientific (Total Carbon Analyzer)

2) Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) and SMPS

3) Brechtel Inc. (mSEMS Model 9404)

4) Cambustion Inc. (Aerodynamic Aerosol Classifier)

5) VS Particle Inc. (VSP-G1 Nanoparticle Generator)

6) Droplet Measurement Technologies (WIBS NEO)

 

TS10

Models for Simulating Atmospheric Aerosols


Abstract: Models for simulating atmospheric aerosols are a key component of air quality simulations, as well as regional and global climate models. Developing aerosol models is a challenging task because of the complexity of the many different particle types in the atmosphere and their changes in physical and chemical properties during transport. Tracking these changes is important since they determine aerosol impacts on weather, climate, and human health, but it is not always clear how much detail needs to be included. This tutorial will provide an overview of how this challenge has been tackled by the research community. We will start out with a discussion of the aerosol life cycle and how the relevant processes are formulated as governing equations. We will then compare and contrast three different approaches of numerical discretization commonly used in state-of-the-art atmospheric aerosol modeling applications---modal, sectional, and particle-resolved techniques---highlighting their assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses. Finally, we will discuss strategies for model verification and validation, and ways to deal with structural and parametric model uncertainty.

Nicole Riemer


Bio: Nicole Riemer is an Associate Professor at the Department of Atmospheric Sciences and an Affiliate of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She received her Doctorate degree in Meteorology from the University of Karlsruhe, Germany. Her research focus is the development of computer simulations that describe how aerosol particles are created, transported, and transformed in the atmosphere. Her group uses these simulations, together with observational and satellite data, to understand how aerosol particles impact human health, weather, and climate. She has received the NSF CAREER award and is an editor for Aerosol Science & Technology.

 

TS11

Online Aerosol Mass Spectrometry


Abstract: The measurement of aerosols (in particular atmospheric aerosols) has been advanced considerably in the last 20 years through the development of online aerosol mass spectrometry. Commercially available instrumentation has allowed the real-time study of composition, free from many of the limitations and artefacts associated with offline analysis. This tutorial will cover the principles of the technology, data analysis methodologies and its applications, with a particular emphasis on the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM), although other established and emerging instruments will also be discussed.

James Allan


Bio: James Allan (https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/James.Allan.html) is a senior research fellow at the University of Manchester and research scientist at the UK National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS). His PhD work included the development of the software used to quantitatively process data from the Aerodyne AMS and he has worked with a number of different instruments since, including the HR-TOF-AMS, SP-AMS, FIGAERO-CIMS, ACSM and LAAP-TOF. He has authored over 135 publications, including contributions to 3 review articles and a textbook chapter on this topic. In 2013 he was awarded the Smoluchowski Award for advancement of aerosol mass spectrometry for atmospheric aerosol measurements.

 

TS12

Designing and conducting field campaigns that include indoor environments


Abstract: Health effects from particulate exposures are well understood from the context of outdoor air. People, however, spend more than 90% of their time indoors and sources and levels of exposures can vary widely compared to outdoor air. The driving factors in indoor particle concentrations stem from the outdoor environment, building itself (e.g., the leakiness of the enclosure), the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems in the building (e.g., the amount of outside air), and the activities of the occupants in the building (e.g., the temporal profile of indoor sources). All of these factors can be very different, even in seemingly similar buildings, and highly temporally variable in the same building. In this workshop we will review the key ingredients needed to include indoor environments in any field study. We will outline a two-step process for first selecting the building parameters that are important to measure depending on the goals of a field study and then to efficiently make measurements of these variables depending on the needed resolution and resources available. The tutorial is targeted at researchers with expertise in outdoor aerosol and air quality measurements and/or exposure assessments.

Shelly L. Miller


Bio: Shelly L. Miller, Ph.D., is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering and faculty in the Environmental Engineering Program at the University of Colorado Boulder. She also holds an M.S. and Ph.D. in Civil and Environmental Engineering from University of California, Berkeley and a B.S. in Applied Mathematics from Harvey Mudd College. Dr. Miller teaches about and investigates urban air quality and works diligently to understand the impact of air pollution on the public health and environment. Dr. Miller's current research projects include associations between energy efficient homes and respiratory health of residents, engineering controls for reducing exposures to infectious diseases, characterization of the indoor microbiome, and investigating impacts of industrial odor episodes on local communities. She has published over 60 peer reviewed articles on air quality, authored a Chapter on Indoor Air Quality in the Environmental Engineering Handbook, and is an associate editor for the journal Atmosphere.

Jeffrey A. Siegel


Bio: Jeffrey Siegel, Ph.D., is a Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Toronto and a member of the university’s Building Engineering Research Group. He holds joint appointments at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health and the Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences.  He holds an M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley as well as a B.Sc. from Swarthmore College.  He is fellow of ASHRAE, a member of the Academy of Fellows of ISIAQ, and an associate editor for the journal Building and Environment.  His research interests including control of indoor particulate matter, healthy and sustainable buildings, ventilation and indoor air quality in residential and commercial buildings, the indoor microbiome, and moisture interactions with indoor chemistry and biology. He teaches courses in indoor air quality, sustainable buildings, and sustainable energy systems.  He has conducted indoor air quality and energy conservation research in over two thousand residential and commercial buildings.

 

Fourth Session (3:30pm-5:10pm)

TS13

Hands-On Aerosol Instrumentation Design and Measurement — Group B


Abstract: This tutorial will enable participants to get an "under the hood" look at a broad spectrum of currently available aerosol instruments. Whether you are an experimentalist, modeler, or both, this is an opportunity to learn how fundamental aerosol scientific principles are used in actual aerosol measurement technologies. Key capabilities, as well as limitations, of each technique will be described in order to instill a better appreciation of what different instruments can and cannot, do. As part of this session, six aerosol instrumentation suppliers will present the design, concepts, and engineering choices that led to the successful development of different aerosol instrumentation. The tutorial is not a marketing and sales opportunity for participating vendors; this is an education session with an emphasis entirely on technology and the key physical concepts employed by the instrumentation. A primary goal is that by the end of the tutorial participants no longer consider instrumentation a "black box" but rather have some understanding of the principles and design consideration that went into the development of the various instruments. A secondary goal is that participants will use the information presented on measurement uncertainties and limitations to better avoid over-interpreting measurement results.

Company Name and instrument


1) Dekati (ELPI+)

2) Palas GmbH (Nanoparticle System U-SMPS)

3) Aethlabs (micro-aethalometer

4) Kanomax (NanoAerosol Generator model 3250)

5) Grimm Technologies (Advanced Spectrometer 11-D and Hybrid Technology 1371)

6) Airmodus (A11 nano Condensation Nucleus Counter)

 

TS14

Microphysics and chemistry of droplet and ice nucleation


Abstract: Cloud formation occurs when atmospheric aerosol particles take up water and form droplets or ice crystals. Understanding how this occurs is critically important to several atmospheric processes. These include determining Earth’s radiative balance (among the most uncertain factors in our current understanding of climate), heterogeneous chemistry and acid rain, and understanding where, when and how much precipitation occurs. This tutorial will provide tools for understanding: (1) the interaction of particles with water vapor below condensation (2) the theory of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation (3) how particle morphology and composition can impact droplet and ice nucleation (4) modern and historic parameterizations of cloud formation and (4) the effect of cloud processing on aerosol chemistry. Topics of contemporary interest (for example geoengineering and weather modification) will also be discussed.

Daniel J. Cziczo


Bio: Daniel J. Cziczo is a professory of atmospheric chemistry in the Departments of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Massachusettes Institute of Technology. He received a bachelors in Aerospace Enginering at the University of Illinois and a masters and doctorate in Geophysical Sciences from the University of Chicago. He has developed instrumentation to determine aerosol phase change (deliquescence and efflorescence) and the chemical composition of particles that nucleate liquid water and ice. He has received a CIRES and four NASA Outstanding Perfomance Awards and was a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) recipient.

 

TS15

Aerosols Over China: Properties, Composition, and Health Impacts


Abstract: Understanding aerosol properties and chemical compositions is of critical importance in estimating the contribution from main sources and evaluating their effects on regional air quality, haze and human health in order to design mitigation strategies. This tutorial discusses aerosol size distribution in diverse atmosphere (urban, regional, coastal/background sites) in China (Peng J F, Hu M. et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2014). The new particle formation (NPF) studies under the circumstances of high pre-existing particle loading over China are summarized for current knowledge and further directions (Wang Z B, … Hu M, Science of the Total Environment, 2017). The mapping of PM2.5 chemical compositions over China is also analyzed. As a case study, seasonal variations of chemical compositions, sources and evolution for submicron aerosols in Beijing will be discussed based on the HR-ToF-AMS measurements (Hu W, Hu M et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2017). To better understand the health impacts from aerosol particles, the biological contents including their charges, structures, emissions, distributions and dynamics under different atmospheric conditions as well as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and endotoxin levels on the global scale will be discussed. In addition, evidences for microbial growth in the air will be also presented. Following this, there will descriptions of living yeast- (SLEPTor) and rat-based (dLABer) systems for online analyzing aerosol particle toxicity and health effects.

Min Hu


Bios: Prof. Min Hu is a Cheung Kong Chair Professor of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, and the Director of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (Peking University). She received her PhD in Environmental Science from Peking University in 1993. She was promoted to Associate Professor in 1995 and Professor in 2001 at Peking University. Dr. Hu was awarded the “The NSF of China Distinguished Young Scholar Fund” in 2010. Her research focuses on aerosol chemical and physical characteristics, source identification, secondary aerosol formation and its impact on air quality, climate change and health effects. She has built up physical and chemical characteristic analysis, aerosol chamber and model simulation method, conducted long-term measurements based on Peking University Urban Atmosphere Environment Monitoring Station (PKUERS) for urban atmospheric environment as well as several large field campaign experiments. She is a principal author or co-author of 279 peer-reviewed journal articles with 8843 citations, and her H index is 57.

Maosheng Yao


Bios: Dr. Maosheng Yao is a FULL Professor with Tenure of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University. Dr. Yao received his PhD in Environmental Science in 2006 from Rutgers University, and thereafter performed postdoctoral studies at Yale University. Dr. Yao joined Peking University via “100 Scholar Program” in 2007. Dr. Yao’s research interests are in the field of air pollution and health effects with a focus on bioaerosols. His work is recognized both by the Marian Smoluchowski and the Kenneth T. Whitby Award. In 2017, Dr. Yao was awarded the “The NSF of China Distinguished Young Scholar Fund”. Dr. Yao has published 60+ peer-reviewed first/corresponding author journal articles, and received 6 patents. Dr. Yao’ bioaerosol research developments have been actively commercialized.

 

TS16

Quality assurance of atmospheric aerosol measurements: recommendations on aerosol sampling and conditioning & calibration procedures for mobility particle size spectrometers


Abstract: This tutorial will provide international recommendation to perform long-term and short-term atmospheric aerosol measurements. It covers the aspects of aerosol inlets also under extreme environmental conditions, requirements of the aerosol drying prior physical measurements as well as measurements of the particle number size distribution using mobility particle size spectrometer and their quality assurance.

Alfred Wiedensohler


Bio: Alfred Wiedensohler is Head of the Department of Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics at the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS). He is author and co-author of more than 350 peer-reviewed publications and few book chapters, mainly in the field of aerosol physics and technology as well as in atmospheric aerosol. He is Head of the World Calibration Center of Aerosol Physics in the frame of WMO-GAW and the European Center for Aerosol Calibration in the frame the European Research Infrastructure ACTRIS. Prof. Alfred Wiedensohler serves for the Scientific Advisory Board for Aerosol of WMO-GAW, as well as for standardization CEN and ISO committees. Furthermore, he is Editor-In-Chief of the Journal of Atmospheric Environment, and received the Award “Highly Cited Researcher” from Thomson Reuters in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017.

Prof. Alfred Wiedensohler serves for the Scientific Advisory Board for Aerosol of WMO-GAW, as well as for standardization CEN and ISO committees. Furthermore, he is Editor-In-Chief of the Journal of Atmospheric Environment, and received the Award “Highly Cited Researcher” from Thomson Reuters in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017..